tachycardia and bradycardia

Definition & explanation

تَسَرُّعُ القَلْبِ وَبُطْءُ القَلْبِ

تَسَرُّعُ القَلْبِ (tachycardia) هُوَ ازْدِيَادُ مُعَدَّلِ ضَرَبَاتِ القَلْبِ عَنْ 100 ضَرْبَةٍ فِي الدَّقِيقَةِ، وَبُطْءُ القَلْبِ (bradycardia) هُوَ انْخِفَاضُ مُعَدَّلِ ضَرَبَاتِ القَلْبِ دُونَ 60 ضَرْبَةً فِي الدَّقِيقَةِ. كِلَاهُمَا يُمْكِنُ أَنْ يَكُونَ فِسْيُولُوجِيًّا أَوْ مَرَضِيًّا.

In English

Tachycardia and bradycardia are two opposite heart rate disorders. Tachycardia refers to a resting heart rate over 100 beats per minute, while bradycardia refers to a resting heart rate below 60 beats per minute. Both can be physiological (e.g., during exercise or sleep) or pathological (e.g., due to arrhythmias, medications, or underlying heart disease). The terms derive from Greek: 'tachy-' meaning fast, 'brady-' meaning slow, and 'kardia' meaning heart.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /ˌtækɪˈkɑːrdiə ænd ˌbrædɪˈkɑːrdiə/
• Arabic respelling: تَاكِيكَارْدِيَا أَنْدْ بْرَادِيكَارْدِيَا
• Syllables: tach-y-car-di-a-and-brad-y-car-di-a

Examples

• The patient presented with palpitations and was found to have sinus tachycardia.

  حَضَرَ المَرِيضُ وَهُوَ يُعَانِي مِنْ خَفَقَانٍ وَتَبَيَّنَ أَنَّهُ يُعَانِي مِنْ تَسَرُّعِ القَلْبِ الجَيْبِيِّ.

• Bradycardia in athletes is often a normal finding due to increased vagal tone.

  بُطْءُ القَلْبِ عِنْدَ الرِّيَاضِيِّينَ غَالِبًا مَا يَكُونُ وَجْدًا طَبِيعِيًّا بِسَبَبِ زِيَادَةِ التَّوَتُّرِ المُبْهَمِيِّ.

Related terms

• arrhythmia — اضْطِرَابُ النَّظْمِ القَلْبِيِّ
• sinus rhythm — النَّظْمُ الجَيْبِيُّ
• heart block — إِحْصَارُ القَلْبِ
• palpitations — خَفَقَانُ القَلْبِ